关键词:

原子论,

电子,

波动性,

电子自旋,

正电子

Abstract:

Electron is an inseparable part of atom. The ancients believed that atoms could

not be divied, and it was not until the late 19th century that Thomson discovered the existence

of electron, which proved that atom is redividable. After that, the complex and challenging

journey to uncover the volatility of electrons, electron spin, and positrons led to groundbreaking

discoveries, which resulted in numerous of Nobel Prizes were awarded in Physics. The discovery

of electron played an important role in promoting the birth of quantum mechani. It was

through the meticulous examination of atomic structure models that the scientists progressively

ventured into the realms of quantum mechanics and quantum field theory. Similarly, electrons

have played a positive role in promoting our understanding of various materials, leading to the

development of to many theories, such as Lorentz’s free electron theory, Sommerfeld model, and

band theory. Especially band theory has led to a revolution in modern electronic technology,

ushering humanity into the information age.